Metatarsal fractures are a very common foot injury. Metatarsals are the bones that run from the mid-foot to the toes. Although fractures in these bones aren't the worst type of foot injury, they can still be very painful and worsen with time when left untreated. This month, we'll dive deeper into metatarsal fractures by looking at what causes them, how they're treated, and how they can be prevented.
A fracture is a crack or small break in a bone. Metatarsal fractures range in severity, and the symptoms of mild ones are often overlooked. They are usually characterized by pain at the site of the fracture and sometimes radiating up the leg. Pain tends to get worse over time, so stress fractures are not always recognized in their early development. Swelling and bruising are also common. Get to the doctor immediately if the foot is becoming numb or purple, or if any symptoms get significantly worse.
Metatarsal fractures may also cause difficulty walking. They are most often the result of crushing blows or twists of the foot. These fractures are known as "acute." The bones may also fracture under stress. Stress could be due to a sudden change in workout intensity or another repetitive, straining movement. Like many health conditions, metatarsal fractures can be avoided by healthy habits that build strong, healthy legs and feet. It's also a good idea to wear supportive shoes, as this keeps the feet from having to absorb excess shock. Be sure to properly manage any underlying conditions that can cause weak or brittle bones, such as osteoporosis.
When you suspect you have a fracture, visit your podiatrist as soon as possible. The sooner these types of issues are treated, the less they'll progress. The doctor may take an x-ray of the foot to see what's going on under the skin. Some minor fractures heal on their own with minimal intervention. After sustaining an injury, you will need to ice the foot. Elevating the foot and taking over-the-counter anti-inflammatory medications are also recommended. In more serious cases, you may need to use a special boot or crutches until the injury heals. Some metatarsal fractures require surgery, but it's usually only necessary if the bone has completely broken and moved out of place. In this scenario, surgery would be performed to realign the bone.
Most metatarsal fractures heal within eight to twelve weeks. They can occur on any metatarsal, and the pain is usually focused on the affected part of the foot. Immobilization is often employed when treating stress fractures since any movement or load bearing can make matters worse.
If you maintain good foot health and wear good, supportive shoes, you can reduce the risk of a metatarsal fracture significantly. When in doubt, whether about a potential foot condition or best practices to maintain your health, consult a professional. A good podiatrist will be able to answer any questions and provide adequate treatment in the event of a metatarsal fracture.